Results and Publications

MINT Primary Results Slide Presentation ›

MINT Publications

 1. Design Paper

Carson JL, Brooks MM, Chaitman BR, Alexander JH, Goodman SG, Bertolet M, Abbott JD, Cooper HA, Rao SV, Triulzi DJ, Fergusson DA, Kostis WJ, Noveck H, Simon T, Steg PG, DeFilippis AP, Goldsweig AM, Lopes RD, White H, Alsweiler C, Morton E, Hebert PC, MINT Investigators. Rationale and design for the myocardial ischemia and transfusion (MINT) randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J. 2023;257:120-9. Epub 20221120. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.11.015. PubMed PMID: 36417955; PMCID: PMC9928777. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36417955/

 

  1. Primary Paper

Carson JL, Brooks MM, Hebert PC, Goodman SG, Bertolet M, Glynn SA, Chaitman BR, Simon T, Lopes RD, Goldsweig AM, DeFilippis AP, Abbott JD, Potter BJ, Carrier FM, Rao SV, Cooper HA, Ghafghazi S, Fergusson DA, Kostis WJ, Noveck H, Kim S, Tessalee M, Ducrocq G, de Barros ESPGM, Triulzi DJ, Alsweiler C, Menegus MA, Neary JD, Uhl L, Strom JB, Fordyce CB, Ferrari E, Silvain J, Wood FO, Daneault B, Polonsky TS, Senaratne M, Puymirat E, Bouleti C, Lattuca B, White HD, Kelsey SF, Steg PG, Alexander JH, MINT Investigators. Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Myocardial Infarction and Anemia. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(26):2446-56. Epub 20231111. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2307983. PubMed PMID: 37952133; PMCID: PMC10837004. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37952133/

 

  1. 6-Month Outcomes Paper

Simon T, Herbert BM, Brooks MM, Goodman SG, Alexander JH, Steg PG, Lopes RD, Ghafghazi S, Bouleti C, Cooper HA, McCamant EL, Bainey KR, Aronow HD, Abbott JD, Alsweiler C, Bertolet M, Fergusson DA, Goldsweig AM, Hebert PC, Carson JL, Investigators MT. Restrictive or Liberal Transfusion Strategy in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: 6-Month Mortality in the MINT Trial. Circulation. 2024;150(13):1064-6. Epub 20240902. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069917. PubMed PMID: 39221566; PMCID: PMC11548830. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39221566/

 

  1. Type 1 vs Type 2 Index MI Paper

DeFilippis AP, Abbott JD, Herbert BM, Bertolet MH, Chaitman BR, White HD, Goldsweig AM, Polonsky TS, Gupta R, Alsweiler C, Silvain J, de Barros ESPGM, Hillis GS, Daneault B, Tessalee M, Menegus MA, Rao SV, Lopes RD, Hebert PC, Alexander JH, Brooks MM, Carson JL, Goodman SG, MINT Investigators. Restrictive Versus Liberal Transfusion in Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: A Prespecified Analysis of the MINT Trial. Circulation. 2024;150(23):1826-36. Epub 20240829. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071208. PubMed PMID: 39206549; PMCID: PMC11611643.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39206549/

 

  1. Target Trial of Four Hemoglobin Thresholds Paper

Portela GT, Carson JL, Swanson SA, Alexander JH, Hebert PC, Goodman SG, Steg PG, Bertolet M, Strom JB, Fergusson DA, Simon T, White HD, Cooper HA, Abbott JD, Rao SV, Chaitman BR, Fordyce CB, Lopes RD, Daneault B, Brooks MM, MINT Investigators. Effect of Four Hemoglobin Transfusion Threshold Strategies in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia : A Target Trial Emulation Using MINT Trial Data. Ann Intern Med. 2024;177(11):1489-98. Epub 20241001. doi: 10.7326/M24-0571. PubMed PMID: 39348705; PMCID: PMC12701713. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39348705/

 

  1. Acute vs Chronic Anemia Paper

Carrier FM, Cooper HA, Portela GT, Bertolet M, Lemesle G, Prochaska M, Kim S, Alexander JH, Crozier I, Ducrocq G, Quadros AS, Bagai A, Dracoulakis M, Madan M, Brooks MM, Carson JL, Hebert PC, MINT Investigators. Anemia Acuity Effect on Transfusion Strategies in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Secondary Analysis of the MINT Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(11):e2442361. Epub 20241104. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42361. PubMed PMID: 39485351; PMCID: PMC11530937.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39485351/

 

  1. CKD Paper

Strom JB, Herbert BM, Bertolet M, Brooks MM, Malik SA, Lemesle G, Madan M, Steg PG, Hebert PC, Traverse JH, White HD, Alsweiler C, Gupta R, Ritt LEF, Menegus MA, Alexander JH, Lopes RD, Chaitman BR, Carson JL, MINT Investigators. Restrictive or Liberal Blood Transfusion in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2025;36(6):1116-25. Epub 20250109. doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000595. PubMed PMID: 39786901; PMCID: PMC12147958. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39786901/

 

  1. Individualized Transfusion Decision Rule Paper

Portela GT, Ducrocq G, Bertolet M, Alexander JH, Goodman SG, Glynn S, Strom JB, Swanson SA, Lemesle G, Rao SV, Tessalee M, Polonsky TS, Goldfarb M, Traverse JH, Uhl L, Herbert BM, Silvain J, Carson JL, Brooks MM, MINT Investigators. Individualized transfusion decisions to minimize adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and anemia. Am Heart J. 2025;282:146-55. Epub 20250117. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2025.01.009. PubMed PMID: 39826701; PMCID: PMC12696691.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39826701/

 

  1. Meta-Analysis Paper

Carson JL, Fergusson DA, Noveck H, Mallick R, Simon T, Rao SV, Cooper H, Stanworth SJ, Portela GT, Ducrocq G, Bertolet M, DeFilippis AP, Goldsweig AM, Kim S, Triulzi DJ, Menegus MA, Abbott JD, Lopes RD, Brooks MM, Alexander JH, Hebert PC, Goodman SG, Steg PG. Restrictive versus Liberal Transfusion in Myocardial Infarction – A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis. NEJM Evid. 2025;4(2):EVIDoa2400223. Epub 20241223. doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2400223. PubMed PMID: 39714935; PMCID: PMC12367329.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39714935/

 

  1. Heart Failure Paper

Goldsweig AM, Kostis WJ, Herbert BM, Bouleti C, Potter BJ, Strom JB, Benatar J, Huynh T, Vallurupalli S, Figueiredo EL, Abbott JD, Cooper HA, DeFilippis AP, Fergusson DA, Goodman SG, Hebert PC, Lopes RD, Rao SV, Simon T, Carson JL, Brooks MM, Alexander JH, MINT Investigators. Blood Transfusion in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Anemia, and Heart Failure: Lessons From MINT. Circ Heart Fail. 2025;18(4):e012495. Epub 20250326. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.124.012495. PubMed PMID: 40135329; PMCID: PMC11999761. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40135329/

 

  1. Revascularization Paper

Rao SV, Brooks MM, D’Agostino HEA, Steg PG, Simon T, Aronow HD, Goldsweig AM, Malik S, Alsweiler C, Ho KKL, Dehghani P, Caixeta A, Quraishi AR, Robinson S, Traverse JH, Siddiqi O, Fergusson DA, Potter BJ, Schulman-Marcus J, Keating FK, Carson JL, MINT Investigators. Effect of Red Blood Cell Transfusion Strategy on Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Revascularization: A Prespecified Analysis of the MINT Trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2025;18(5):e015249. Epub 20250330. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.125.015249. PubMed PMID: 40159118; PMCID: PMC12092174. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40159118/

 

  1. Quality of Life Paper

Prochaska MT, Portela GT, Brooks MM, Fergusson DA, Hebert PC, Polonsky TS, Caixeta A, Cooper HA, Crozier I, Daneault B, Kim S, Bainey KR, de Barros ESP, Goldfarb M, Gupta R, Rao SV, Fonteles Ritt LE, Simon T, Carson JL. Transfusion Strategy Effect on Quality of Life in Patients With Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: A Secondary Analysis of the MINT Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2025;185(8):947-54. Epub 20250603. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.0654. PubMed PMID: 40459491; PMCID: PMC12135017. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40459491/

 

  1. Transfusion Reaction Paper

Ghafghazi S, Uhl L, Herbert B, Bertolet M, Alexander JH, Goodman SG, Raval J, Roubille F, Fordyce CB, Goldfarb M, Bainey K, de Andrade PB, Senaratne J, Bracey A, Roswell RO, Lopes R, Simon T, Steg G, Brooks MM, Hebert PC, Carson JL, Triulizi DJ, MINT Investigators. Transfusion-related adverse events in patients with restrictive or liberal transfusion strategy. An analysis of the MINT trial. Transfusion. 2026;66(1):84-93. Epub 20251126. doi: 10.1111/trf.70006. PubMed PMID: 41305907; PMCID: PMC12857874. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41305907/

 

  1. Age Paper

Goldsweig AM, Ballantyne CM, White HD, Abbott JD, Fergusson DA, Herbert BM, Goodman SG, Carson JL, Brooks MM, MINT Investigators. Effect of age on restrictive and liberal transfusion outcomes in patients with anemia and myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2026;297:107381. Epub 20260219. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2026.107381. PubMed PMID: 41722885. MCID: PMC13070625. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41722885/

 

  1. Per-Protocol Paper

Herbert BM, Carson JL, Bertolet M, Alexander JH, Goodman SG, Fergusson DA, Ducrocq G, Lopes RD, Simon T, Steg PG, Hebert PC, Brooks MM, MINT Investigators. A comprehensive set of per-protocol analyses of the myocardial ischemia and transfusion (MINT) trial. Am Heart J. 2026;297:107382. Epub 20260218. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2026.107382. PubMed PMID: 41720283; PMCID: PMC13296679.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41720283/

 

  1. ICU/CCC Paper

Cooper HA, Fordyce CB, Herbert BM, Alexander JH, Rao SV, Brooks MM, Bertolet M, Carson JL, Hebert PC, MINT Investigators. Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill and Noncritically Ill Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia-A Subanalysis of the Myocardial Ischemia and Transfusion (MINT) Trial. Crit Care Med. 2026:10.1097/CCM.0000000000007211. Epub 20260525. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007211. PubMed PMID: 42188994. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42188994/

 

  1. Sex Differences Paper

Abbott JD, Benatar JR, Ballantyne CM, Jacobs AK, Goldsweig AM, Fergusson DA, Hebert BM, Bertolet M, Simon T, Steg PG, Goodman SG, White HD, Carson JL, Brooks MM, MINT Investigators. Comparative Efficacy of Transfusion Strategies in Women and Men With Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: Prespecified Secondary Findings From the MINT Trial. Circulation. 2026;154(3):201-11. Epub 20260518. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.078320. PubMed PMID: 42145087; PMCID: PMC13296680.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42145087/

 

  1. Outcome MI Type 1 / Type 2 Paper

DeFilippis AP, Abbott JD, Herbert BM, Bertolet MH, Chaitman BR, White HD, Goldsweig AM, Polonsky TS, Gupta R, Alsweiler C, Silvain J, de Barros ESPGM, Hillis GS, Daneault B, Tessalee M, Menegus MA, Rao SV, Lopes RD, Hébert PC, Alexander JH, Brooks MM, Carson JL, Goodman SG. The Effect of Restrictive vs Liberal Blood Transfusion Strategy on Subsequent Myocardial Infarction Type. JACC Adv. 2026;5(6 Pt 2):102836. doi: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.102836. PubMed PMID: 42312774; PMCID: PMC13308243.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42312774/

 

  1. Bayesian Paper

Bertolet M, Carrier FM, Glynn S, Abbott JD, Defilippis AP, Simon T, Fordyce CB, Senaratne J, Potter BJ, Herbert BM, Rao SV, Caixeta A, Tessalee M, Cooper HA, Beraldo de Andrade P, Dall’Orto FTC, Silvain J, Carson JL, Brooks MM. Restrictive vs Liberal Transfusion Strategy After Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of the MINT Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2026;9(7):e2624991. Epub 20260701. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.24991. PubMed PMID: 42507445; PMCID: PMC13409005.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42507445/